Future Travel and Sustainable Tourism after COVID-19: STUDY by Tea Ceremony Kyoto Maikoya
KYOTO, Japan, Dec. 7, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -- Kimono Tea Ceremony Maikoya and Samurai & Ninja Museum, two key experience providers from Japan, recently studied and analyzed the effects of the pandemic on travel behavior in depth and found out that people are likely to skip major cities and vacation for longer going forward. Post-quarantine and -lockdown, travelers generally seem more concerned about sustainability and the need to support local businesses. However, the only lasting changes may come with extra safety precautions and sustainable travel choices, with other aspects reverting more or less back to normal.
For example, most travelers think virtual tours and online experiences are no substitutes for real-life activities. Most also have no intention of giving up on shared group activities or museums and prefer traditional accommodation options to AirBnB. Little change is apparent, other than increased demand for premium and safe travel experiences and the potential positive impact of working from home on the intentions to travel abroad.
*Background*
Recently, there have been news stories in the mainstream media that travel after the Coronavirus pandemic would change the behavior of tourists fundamentally. Many stories mentioned how people would avoid indoor places and favor home rentals over hotels . The United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) declared that the future of tourism still has many uncertainties after recording a 60~80% decline in 2020.
In response to this new environment and to understand travelers' priorities, Tea Ceremony Maikoya and Samurai & Ninja Museum conducted a survey asking international travelers about their future plans and also checked whether the survey findings matched recent Google search trends, a practice common in tourism research.
*Survey Findings*
Table I: Behavioral intentions of Future International Travelers
Q: If you travel internationally, would you do the following more often or
less often? (After the borders are open and it is safe to travel again)
More often
Same as before
Less often
Visiting *small towns *instead of big historic cities
*62%*
35%
3%
Staying at an *AirBnB* or Vrbo
22%
*58%*
20%
Visiting famous *museums*
22%
*64%*
14%
Joining a *food tasting tour*
*53%*
37%
10%
Taking *long trips* (e.g. multiple weeks or longer)
*54%*
39%
7%
Traveling in general (Will you *travel more or less*?)
*52%*
*41%*
7%
IMPORTANT NOTE!!! These findings were further compared to and confirmed with Google search trends;
please read below and check Appendix I~IV for detailed information.
*1. People will try to visit small towns more (but first-timers may not) *
By now it is clear that people are likely to avoid major crowded cities and explore remote towns with secluded areas after the pandemic. This finding was clear in answers to both our open-ended and closed-ended survey questions. *However,* this finding did not apply when we compared monthly travel-related search queries on Google for small towns and big cities from 2019 and 2020. We expected that the decline for travel-related search queries would be low for small towns and huge for major cities but the level of decline was almost the same. We think this may be attributable to the fact that most first-time travelers still want to see famous landmarks and check out things to do in big cities where major airports are located.
*2. Less frequent but longer trips*
More than half our survey respondents indicated that their future travels would be longer as can be seen in Table I. We also confirmed this finding with our Google search query comparisons. We were surprised to find out that the decline for "1-month Japan itinerary" search queries in 2020 was far smaller than the query for "1-week Japan itinerary." The same pattern existed for search queries of "1-week Europe itinerary" and "1-month Europe itinerary."
*3. Travelers will still visit indoor museums and join group activities*
As Table I shows, most of the travelers intended to visit (indoor) museums and join food tours which involve interacting with a group of strangers. To our great surprise, almost a quarter of the respondents wanted to visit museums more than before. Moreover, most travelers indicated a greater willingness to participate in food tasting tours after the pandemic. This finding tallied with Google search frequencies: the decline in queries for local museums and food tours was lower than for generic travel queries. Apparently, people's interest in food and culture has intensified while being stuck at home for an extended period during the pandemic.
*4. Travelers will not necessarily choose AirBnB and home rentals over hotels*
Our survey showed that travelers' intentions to choose AirBnB over hotels slightly changed after the pandemic (Table I), but that this change was not necessarily positive. While about a quarter of respondents intended to choose AirBnB over hotels, about the same percentage indicated that they were less willing to consider AirBnB. When we compared the frequencies of Google search queries for AirBnB and hotels in major cities in 2019 and 2020, we found that AirBnB was actually getting less popular than hotels. The decline for AirBnB queries on Google was significantly higher compared to searches for hotels. While this may have to do with mistrust of third-party hosts' sanitation practices, it may also have to do with new post-Corona regulations or AirBnB's marketing practices or the safety perceptions of upscale hotels.
*5. Sustainability and supporting local businesses will be trendier*
We asked an open-ended question to all participants about how they thought their travel behavior would differ in future. About half stated that provided the pandemic ended, their approach to travel would remain unchanged. Numerous travelers reaffirmed how they would still care about hygiene, sanitation and safety even after the pandemic. About one fifth of respondents mentioned the importance of taking fewer but longer trips and supporting local experience providers and local businesses. The fact that these were spontaneous answers reflect a steady shift towards sustainability. The sample unprompted open-ended sample responses are provided in Appendix III.
*6. Wealthy people will be first to travel abroad*
We did not ask the survey respondents when they were planning to travel as international travel depends on whether the borders are open and the kind of governmental policies applied in each country. However, when we analyzed Google Search queries for various hotels, we noticed that luxury hotels were impacted less than all the other types in general. It was interesting to see that the number of queries for "budget Tokyo hotels" dropped almost twice more than the queries for "5-star hotels in Tokyo."
*7. Working from home means slightly more opportunities to take vacations*
Another pattern that emerged from our data was that those who worked from home plan to travel more in future (Appendix II). As remote working gives people more opportunities to travel, those working from home tend to prefer more trips that are longer. At the same time, 43% of office workers thought they would be taking more trips than they used to after the pandemic ends. A side note that should be mentioned here is the difference between remote workers and office workers when it comes to intentions to travel was only 10%. While working from home means people can go on "workations" anytime they want, it also means that people may take fewer family holidays as now they have more time to spend with their families.
*8. Virtual tours and online experiences will be for special occasions only*
We asked the respondents whether they would be interested in online cultural experiences and virtual walking tours for approximately half the price of what it would cost for an in-person equivalent. Most respondents said they would not be interested in virtual experiences because it would not be the same as the real thing, unless it was a cooking class where they could get the ingredients beforehand. Meanwhile, over the past half year, Maikoya Tea Ceremony, Geisha Maikoya and Samurai & Ninja Museum have received a number of inquiries for teambuilding and cultural group activities via Zoom for special occasions (celebrations, birthdays, etc.). We thus concluded that virtual tours and online experiences are usually for special occasions and unlikely to replace actual tours and experiences in the near future. See Appendix IV more information.
*9. Masks will be around for a while*
Respondents mentioned that even after the pandemic they would pack masks and sanitation materials whenever traveling abroad. Accordingly, we can expect mask-wearing habits to persist and hotels and ryokans will be careful in providing extra sanitization services, even after the pandemic. See Appendix III.
*10. Women care more about travel safety*
Consistent with the past tourism studies, we found that female respondents were more concerned about safety in general and cited safety and hygiene concerns more frequently than male respondents in the sample. We also noted that females were more likely to choose hotels over AirBnB based on the tabulations of Table I.
*What are travelers' concerns about online experiences and virtual tours & classes?
*Our Open ended Responses and Google Trends analysis yielded these results:
· *Time Zone Differences*: Any online experience during the day time would exclude about half the world population.
· *Labor is the same but perceived value is lower*: Travelers don't think online experiences can have the same value despite the fact that experience providers need to spend about the same amount of time and effort, if not more.
· *Problems with shipping the ingredients overseas*: Our survey shows that participants want the ingredients or tools necessary for online experiences.
· *Diminishing novelty*: The number of Google searches for typical virtual tours and online cultural experiences is decreasing except for the demand forvirtualteam building that Maikoya focuses on.
*Differences between domestic travelers and International tourists
*Comparisons of Google search queries in Japanese and English yielded these results:
· *Weekends only*: Domestic tourists usually consider local cultural experiences mostly on weekends because of their jobs or family obligations.
· *Certain times of the year only*: Domestic tourists usually don't stay overnight except for certain seasons and the searches peak just before the national holidays.
· *Not Once-in-a-lifetime*: Most locals do not search for history tours or bucket list cultural experiences in their home countries.
*Survey Methodology:*
During the month of October, 2020 the password-protected online questionnaires were sent to travelers who made a reservation for an activity in Kyoto or Tokyo on https://mai-ko.com/. A total of 102 respondents from 22 countries filled out the surveys. The respondents were informed about the purpose of the study and no individually identifying or confidential information was collected. As 102 is a very small sample size to draw conclusions, we further analyzed Google search queries and mostly confirmed the findings of the survey study.
*About Google AdWords*
Google (Alphabet Inc.) provides a free service to its advertisers listing monthly average search volume for search queries that can be tabulated by location and language. Google search volumes are often used by tourism practitioners and academicians internationally.
*About Kimono Tea Ceremony Maikoya*
Kimono Tea Ceremony Maikoya is one of the top cultural experience providers in Japan with 4 branches and more than 3,000 five-star reviews on various platforms. Maikoya also provides its guests with additional services such as kimono rental, photography, zen meditation retreats, zen monastery stays, ryokan reservations, onsen reservations, Kyoto tours, online tea ceremonies, virtual zen meditation, online cooking classes, geisha culture introductions, maiko performances, food tours and cooking classes in Tokyo and Kyoto.
*About Samurai & Ninja Museum Kyoto*
Samurai & Ninja Museum Kyoto is a leading samurai museum in Japan that offers unique samurai experiences such as sword cutting in addition to offering ninja training experiences as well as ninja history tours in Kyoto.
Appendix I
*Travel-related Monthly Search Queries on Google: Comparison of 2019 & 2020*
Source: Google AdWords, Sample: English speaking countries
Explanation
Search Query
October
2019
October
2020
Percentage of
Decline
Search queries for long term
trips are getting "relatively"
more popular
1 week Japan Itinerary *(Short trip)*
590
50
*-92%*
1 month Japan Itinerary *(Long trip)*
90
50
*-44%*
1 week Europe Itinerary *(Short trip)*
260
30
*-88%*
1 month Europe Itinerary *(Long trip)*
260
90
*-65%*
"Relatively" lower percentage
of people are searching for
AIRBNB in big cities
compared to people who are
searching for hotels
*AIRBNB *Tokyo
14800
3600
*-76%*
Tokyo *HOTELS*
60500
22200
*-63%*
*AIRBNB* Rome
12100
2900
*-76%*
Rome *HOTELS*
49500
18100
*-63%*
*AIRBNB* Paris
40500
9900
*-76%*
Paris *HOTELS*
110000
49500
*-55%*
Search queries related to
sustainable travel recorded
ZERO drop despite other travel
queries' decrease by 90%!
*SUSTAINABLE *hotels Europe
20
20
*0%*
*ECO FRIENDLY *hotels
1900
1900
*0%*
Small towns are NOT getting
"relatively" more popular
compared to big cities
Things to do in *TOKYO (Big City)*
40500
6600
*-84%*
Things to do in *KYOTO (Small City)*
18100
1900
*-90%*
Things to do in *TAKAYAMA (Small Town)*
590
70
*-88%*
Things to do in *MILAN (Big City)*
22200
4400
*-80%*
Things to do in *TUSCANY (Small Town)*
1900
390
*-79%*
Things to do in *PARIS (Big City)*
60500
12100
*-80%*
Things to do in *CANNES -Small Town*
1600
390
*-76%*
Group activities and indoor
museums are NOT "relatively"
less popular than before
Food Tour Rome
1900
260
*-86%*
Food Tour Tokyo
1300
260
*-80%*
Tokyo Museums
4400
1000
*-77%*
Rome Museums
5400
2900
*-46%*
Appendix II
Q: If you travel internationally, would you do the
following more often or less often? (After the borders
are open and it is safe to travel again)
Employed or business owner
mostly working from HOME
Employed or business owner mostly
working at the office/factory
Taking long trips more often
*60%*
*49%*
Traveling more often
*53%*
*43%*
Appendix III
Categorization of
representative
answers
Unprompted Open-Ended Responses to the Question: Do you think you will change
the way you travel after the borders are open and it is safe to travel again? If yes,
how?
Safety
I would travel the same way as long as it is safe to travel again. If we were to make any
changes, it would just be to bring disinfecting wipes to be able to clean things if we saw
necessary.
Safety
Not really, maybe just be more conscious of hygiene such as wear a mask more and carry
sanitiser
Safety
Outside of any modifications that may be recommended for COVID safety, I don't think my
style of travel will change much in the future.
Safety
Pack a mask! Otherwise about the same
Safety
Taking more precautions and expecting higher level of services in terms of cleaner
environment and maintaining social distancing, better crowd control
Safety
Yes, choose safe/healthy places and those who make an effort and have proven to be safe.
Sustainable &
local
I would though be more mindful of supporting smaller businesses too.
Sustainable &
local
In general I think I will travel the same however will make more of an effort to support
small businesses
Sustainable &
local
I guess I would try out more. I would probably want to have a holiday just as the locals
would have it.
Sustainable &
local
I will be more interested in staying in smaller towns and enjoying local experiences.
Sustainable &
local
I would like to tour Japan on holiday & have some of it organised by a local person
Sustainable &
local
To be efficient with flights, I will try to visit multiple countries in Europe/Asia on the same
trip.
Sustainable &
local
I will likely be more careful about attending crowded places, and will likely go on a few
longer trips instead of lots of short trips.
Sustainable &
local
I will travel primarily by airplane to the destination and make use of public transportation
as much as possible, avoiding taxis unless necessary
Appendix IV
Categorization
of representative
answers
Q: Would you be interested in ONLINE cooking class, VIRTUAL tea Ceremony, VIRTUAL
interactive walking tour, VIRTUAL sake tasting or ONLINE zen meditation that costs $30
per session? Why, why not? (Approximately 25% negative, 50% conditional or ambivalent
and 25% positive responses)
Time
Maybe - the main factor for me is time rather than cost. Also time difference could be an issue
Time
Possibly. Depending on time and artifacts/food availability in my country.
Time
no - these activities are relevant in the context of an international trip. Also time difference due to
timezone would make it very hard
Time
Sound good. Cost/Time Factor Is important.
Ingredients
I would definitely be interested in an online cooking class, as long as it used ingredients that I am able
to get here.
Ingredients
I would be interested. It would depend on timing and whether I would need to buy my own ingredients
on top of the $30...
Value
No. Doing virtually doesn't really interest me.
Value
Unfortunately no, I would prefer to participate in person and would wait until I can visit Japan again.
Value
No, I would not be interested in those. For all those virtual sessions, I can find on YouTube.
Value
No, virtual experience would not be as enjoyable as in person
Value
No. It is a tough predicament. These experiences are much more worth it in person.
Value
The price seems expensive. I expect that a number of similar activities/experiences already exist for
free on YouTube.
Value
No. Feel that it wouldn't be an authentic experience.
Value
Can't really beat the authenticity of doing it live. Especially a tea-ceremony.