The Growing Burden Of IMF Surcharges: An Updated Estimate – Analysis

By Francisco Amsler and Michael Galant*

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) imposes additional fees on loans to its most indebted middle-income borrowers, on top of regular interest payments and service fees. These “surcharges” — which add an extra 2 or 3 percentage points to borrowers’ interest rates — divert...