On 24 February 2022, Russia invaded Ukraine, launching the biggest war in Europe since World War II.
Two years on, Moscow now controls 20 percent of Ukraine’s territory, is better armed and has more troops.
Despite this, the sprawling 1,000-kilometre front line has barely moved in more than a year.
But negotiations to end the war are a distant prospect.
Analysts and diplomats say 2024 will be another year of fighting with Ukraine determined to recapture lost territory while Russian President Vladimir Putin will only be satisfied with Kyiv's full surrender.