Hepsiburada Announces Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2022 Financial Results

ISTANBUL, Türkiye, March 22, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- D-MARKET Electronic Services & Trading (d/b/a "Hepsiburada”) (NASDAQ: HEPS), a leading Turkish e-commerce platform (referred to herein as “Hepsiburada” or the “Company”), today announces its unaudited financial results for the fourth quarter and full year ended December 31, 2022.*Restatement of financial information*: Pursuant to the International Accounting Standard 29, Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary Economies (“IAS 29”), the financial statements of entities whose functional currency is that of a hyperinflationary economy must be adjusted for the effects of changes in a general price index. Turkish companies reporting under IFRS, including the Company, have been required to apply IAS 29 to their financial statements for periods ending on and after June 30, 2022.

The Company’s financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022, including figures corresponding to the same period of the prior year, have been restated pursuant to IAS 29. Under IAS 29, the Company’s financial statements are presented in terms of the measuring unit current as of December 31, 2022. All amounts included in the balance sheet which are not stated in terms of the measuring unit current as of the date of the financial statements, are restated applying the general price index. Adjustments for inflation have been calculated considering the price indexes published by the Turkish Statistical Institute (TurkStat). Such indices used to restate the financial statements as at December 31, 2022 are as follows:

*Date* *Index* *Conversion Factor*
*31 December 2022* 1,128.5 1.00
*30 September 2022* 1,046.9 1.08
*30 June 2022* 977.9 1.15
*31 March 2022* 843.6 1.34
*31 December 2021* 687.0 1.64
*30 September 2021* 570.7 1.98
*30 June 2021* 547.5 2.06
*31 March 2021* 523.5 2.16

Figures unadjusted for inflation in accordance with IAS 29, denoted as “IAS 29-unadjusted”, “unadjusted for IAS 29”, “unadjusted”, “unadjusted for inflation”, or “without adjusting for inflation”, are also included in the summary tables of the consolidated financial statements and under the “Highlights” section and explanatory notes as relevant. The press release also includes tables that show the IAS 29 adjustment impact on the consolidated financial statements for the periods under discussion. Figures unadjusted for IAS 29 constitute non-IFRS financial measures. We believe that their inclusion facilitates the understanding of the restated financial statements in accordance with IAS 29 and our year on year growth and profitability guidance. Please see the “Presentation of Financial and Other Information” section of this press release for a definition of such non-IFRS measures, a discussion of the limitations on their use, and reconciliations of the non-IFRS measures to the most directly comparable IFRS measures.

*Fourth Quarter 2022 Financial and Operational Highlights*
*(All financial figures are restated pursuant to IAS 29 unless otherwise indicated)*

· *Gross merchandise value (GMV)* increased by 13.9% to TRY 19.4 billion compared to TRY 17.0 billion in Q4 2021.

· IAS 29-Unadjusted GMV increased by 104.1% to TRY 19.1 billion compared to Q4 2021.

· *Revenue *increased by 9.7% to TRY 5,535.2 million compared to TRY 5,044.7 million in Q4 2021.
· *Number of orders* increased by 94.8% to 33.9 million compared to 17.4 million orders in Q4 2021.
· *Active Customers *increased by 8.1% to 12.2 million compared to 11.3 million as of December 31, 2021.
· *(Order) Frequency *increased by 39.1% to 6.6 compared to 4.7 as of December 31, 2021.
· *Active Merchant *base increased by 32.9% to 99.7 thousand compared to 75.0 thousand as of December 31, 2021.
· *Number of SKUs* increased by 81.1% to 163.6 million compared to 90.3 million as of December 31, 2021.
· *Share of Marketplace GMV *was 68.1% compared to 65.3% in Q4 2021.
· *EBITDA *improved to negative TRY 245.9 million compared to negative TRY 1,650.1 million in Q4 2021. EBITDA as a percentage of GMV improved 8.4 percentage points to negative 1.3% compared to Q4 2021.

· IAS 29-Unadjusted EBITDA was negative TRY 7.3 million compared to negative TRY 751.1 million in Q4 2021. Accordingly, IAS 29-Unadjusted EBITDA as a percentage of GMV in Q4 2022 was almost at breakeven (negative 0.04%), continuing its improvement by 8.0 percentage points compared to Q4 2021.

· *Net loss* *for the period* was TRY 546.1 million compared to a net income of TRY 588.8 million for Q4 2021.
· *Free cash flow *was a positive TRY 1,059.3 million compared to negative TRY 191.4 million in Q4 2021.*Full Year 2022 (Unaudited) Financial and Operational Highlights*
*(All financial figures are restated pursuant to IAS 29 unless otherwise indicated)*

· *Gross merchandise value (GMV)* increased by 3.8% to TRY 53.9 billion compared to TRY 52.0 billion in 2021.

· IAS 29-Unadjusted GMV increased by 80.8% to TRY 47.3 billion compared to 2021. With this performance, we exceeded our full year GMV growth guidance of around 70% by 10.8 percentage points.

· *Revenue *increased by 6.8% to TRY 16,069.4 million compared to TRY 15,046.2 million in 2021.
· *Number of orders* increased by 50.4% to 80.4 million compared to 53.5 million orders in 2021.
· *Active Customers *increased by 8.1% to 12.2 million compared to 11.3 million as of December 31, 2021.
· *(Order) Frequency *increased by 39.1% to 6.6 compared to 4.7 as of December 31, 2021.
· *Active Merchant *base increased by 32.9% to 99.7 thousand compared to 75.0 thousand as of December 31, 2021.
· *Number of SKUs* increased by 81.1% to 163.6 million compared to 90.3 million at December 31, 2021.
· *Share of Marketplace GMV *was 66.7% compared to 68.0% in 2021.
· *EBITDA *improved to negative TRY 2,584.1 million in 2022 compared to negative TRY 3,726.1 million in 2021. EBITDA as a percentage of GMV improved 2.4 percentage points to negative 4.8% compared to 2021.

· IAS 29-Unadjusted EBITDA as a percentage of GMV in 2022 was negative 2.1%, improved by 4.4 percentage points compared to 2021. This came in 0.4 percentage points above the high-end of our EBITDA as a percentage of GMV full year guidance.

· *Net loss* *for the period *was TRY 2,899.8 million compared to a net loss of TRY 2,021.0 million for 2021.
· *Free cash flow *was a negative TRY 416.2 million compared to negative TRY 417.5 million in 2021.*Commenting on the results, Nilhan Onal Gökçetekin, CEO of Hepsiburada, said: *

“2023 began with devastating earthquakes that struck eleven cities in southeast Türkiye on February 6^th. At Hepsiburada, our immediate reaction was to mobilize our e-commerce expertise, our logistical strength and technological infrastructure. With our two-year recovery program launched in March 2023, we are extending our platform and technological capabilities to provide much needed long-term support for the recovery effort.

The macroeconomic environment in Türkiye has been challenging, particularly due to rising inflation during 2022. Inflation was at 64.3% at the end of the year, having peaked at 85.5% in October 2022. Despite this, we have outperformed our full year GMV growth guidance by 11 percentage points, with 81% year-over-year growth without adjusting for inflation. Moreover, our EBITDA as a percentage of GMV improved by 4.4 percentage points to negative 2.1% without adjusting for inflation.

We are under no illusion that market conditions will be easier throughout 2023, but we are accelerating our efforts to improve performance. Building on the foundation created by investment across our platform in recent years, we are sharpening our focus on improving margins. While we will continue to invest, this will be focused on maximising monetization opportunities across our existing platform. We plan to continue to grow, and begin externalising, our market-leading affordability solutions and wider Hepsipay Fintech offer, widening our opportunities for higher-margin growth and expanding our addressable market. Similarly, we expect HepsiJet to expand its third-party business and capitalize on the growing e-commerce business outside platforms.

By executing on our strategic priorities, we expect to deliver further sustainable growth, drive margin improvements and remain committed to becoming a profitable company, whilst being prudent with our capital allocation. We expect the new e-commerce law that came into effect on January 1, 2023, to foster a fair, rational and transparent competitive environment that benefits sellers, merchants, customers and platforms.”

*Summary: Key Operational and Financial Metrics*

The following table sets forth a summary of the key unaudited operating and unaudited financial data as of and for the three months ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 and twelve months results for the year 2022 and 2021 prepared in accordance with IFRS. Unless indicated otherwise, all financial figures in the tables provided are inflation adjusted (in accordance with IAS 29).

*(in TRY million *
*unless otherwise indicated)*
*Three months ended Dec 31,* *Twelve months ended Dec 31,*
*unaudited* * * *unaudited* * *
*2022* *2021* *y/y %* *2022* *2021* *y/y %*
*GMV (TRY in billions)* 19.4 17.0 13.9% 53.9 52.0 3.8%
*Marketplace GMV (TRY in billions)* 13.2 11.1 18.8% 36.0 35.4 1.8%
*Share of Marketplace GMV (%)* 68.1% 65.3% 2.8pp 66.7% 68.0% (1.3pp)
*Number of orders (millions)* 33.9 17.4 94.8% 80.4 53.5 50.4%
*Active Customer (millions)* 12.2 11.3 8.1% 12.2 11.3 8.1%
*Revenue* 5,535.2 5,044.7 9.7% 16,069.4 15,046.2 6.8%
*Gross contribution* 1,521.4 918.5 65.6% 3,492.1 3,249.7 7.5%
*Gross contribution margin (%)* 7.8% 5.4% 2.5 pp 6.5% 6.2% 0.2 pp
*Net (loss)/income for the period* (546.1) 588.8 n.m. (2,899.8) (2,021.0) 43.5%
*EBITDA* (245.9) (1,650.1) (85.1%) (2,584.1) (3,726.1) (30.6%)
*EBITDA as a percentage of GMV (%)* (1.3%) (9.7%) 8.4 pp (4.8%) (7.2%) 2.4 pp
*Net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities* 1,293.0 (80.4) n.m 428.7 (28.8) n.m
*Free Cash Flow* 1,059.3 (191.4) n.m (416.2) (417.5) n.m

Note: The abbreviation “n.m.” stands for not meaningful throughout the press release.

Note that Gross Contribution, EBITDA and Free Cash Flow are non-IFRS financial measures. See the “Presentation of Financial and Other Information” section of this press release for a definition of such non-IFRS measures, a discussion of the limitations on their use, and reconciliations of non-IFRS measures to the most directly comparable IFRS measures. See the definitions of metrics such as GMV, Marketplace GMV, share of Marketplace GMV, gross contribution margin, EBITDA as a percentage of GMV and number of orders and active customer in the “Certain Definitions” section of this press release.

*Impact of The Earthquakes in Türkiye*

On February 6, 2023, two high-magnitude earthquakes, with their epicenter in Kahramanmaraş impacted 11 cities (with the inclusion of one more city by the authorities following our initial assessment announcement on February 15, 2023) across Southeastern Türkiye, directly affecting the lives of around 14 million people. We express our deepest condolences to the victims of this devastating disaster. Our sincere hopes are for the earliest possible relief and recovery of the affected regions to which we, as Hepsiburada, will be contributing to the best of our capabilities.

We are grateful that none of our employees have lost their lives as a result of the disaster. Our physical headquarters and offices, and our Gebze fulfillment center - where most of our employees are based, apart from those working remotely - are located beyond the earthquake zone and hence were unaffected. Eight (compared to nine in our initial assessment) cross-dock points (i.e., parcel transfer centers) of HepsiJet out of a network of 192, were directly impacted. Our initial assessment indicated that a relocation of all these points was necessary. Yet, we now understand that renovation may suffice to restore their operations.

Our total Active Merchant number on the Marketplace with a registered address in the affected region is approximately 6,500 out of over 99,700. During the weeks starting February 6^th and 13^th, we advanced our due payments for sales already invoiced by one week. The stores of close to 1,270 merchants on our platform are temporarily suspended at their own request.

As expected during natural disasters, we observed a temporary decline in overall customer demand on our platform and in the number of orders received, particularly during the week of February 6^th, compared to the previous week, and the same week of the prior year. This decline has likely resulted from the loss of traffic and demand from the affected region, and our decision to put major marketing campaigns, events and media advertising on hold for two weeks to honor the nation’s mourning. Traffic on the platform had gradually recovered by mid-March to almost pre-earthquake levels. The order trend during this period was relatively volatile which had also recovered to almost pre-earthquake levels also by mid-March.

As quickly as possible following the earthquakes, we mobilized our resources to various aid efforts, delivering urgent relief supplies to the victims.

Hepsiburada expects to continue to support the region with its technology, logistics, and sales and marketing power to get the local economy back on track. Hence, on March 6, 2023, we announced the launch of a two-year “Trade and Technology Empowerment for the Earthquake Region” program in order to contribute to the efforts of ensuring sustainable welfare in the earthquake region. With the program we pledge to support around ten thousand SMEs and merchants and over five thousand women entrepreneurs and women's cooperatives, while boosting the region's e-commerce and logistics capacity, shifting employment-enhancing services and activities to the region, and providing educational and social support to children and families. This program aims to boost regional GMV generation to TRY 10 billion in total over its duration. We also expect the program to establish e-commerce specialization centers in three cities, enabling the growth and development of the regional e-commerce ecosystem.

*Update on Recent Regulatory Changes in Türkiye*

On February 23, 2023, a Presidential Decree published in the Official Gazette increased by 50% the monetary limits of the net transaction value brackets used in the classification of medium, large, and very large scale Electronic Commerce Intermediary Service Providers (“ETAHS”) and Electronic Commerce Service Providers. Hepsiburada is now classified as a medium scale ETAHS based on its net transaction value for 2022. Therefore, we are not subject to any advertising or customer discount caps in 2023.

*Q1 2023 Outlook*

The below forward-looking statements reflect Hepsiburada’s expectations as of March 22, 2023, considering year to date trends which could be subject to change, and involve inherent risks which we are unable to control or foresee. The financial outlook is based on management’s current views and estimates with respect to existing market conditions. However, there are several uncertainties including the inflationary environment both in Türkiye and globally, local currency volatility, low consumer confidence, pressure on purchasing power, regional geopolitical headwinds, supply chain disruptions, the impact of epidemics and natural disasters, the new regulatory environment for our activities in Türkiye, the evolving competitive landscape and the outcome of the general elections on May 14, 2023. Management’s views and estimates are subject to change without notice. See also the “Forward Looking Statements” section at the end of this press release.

We have developed our strategic priorities, which emphasize differentiating assets (including logistics services and affordability solutions), customer loyalty and overall cost optimization. We believe these strategic priorities will support our path towards profitability. In 2023, we intend to remain focused on sustainable GMV growth and on our path to profitability with a prudent approach to capital allocation. In Q1 2023, despite the impact of the earthquake disaster, we expect to deliver a quarterly breakeven EBITDA on a basis unadjusted for IAS 29, demonstrating our commitment to profitability. Underpinning this performance, we also expect GMV growth of around 70% in Q1 2023 compared to Q1 2022, which is expected to be above inflation considering the 12-month inflation rate of 55% as at February 2023.

*Key Business Developments*

*GMV and Order Growth*

In Q4 2022, GMV increased by 13.9% to TRY 19.4 billion in Q4 2022 compared to TRY 17.0 billion in Q4 2021. IAS 29-Unadjusted GMV grew by 104.1% to TRY 19.1 billion in Q4 2022 compared to Q4 2021. This performance was attributable to our value proposition supported by the appeal of our Hepsiburada Premium loyalty program to our customers, attractive affordability solutions and data-driven marketing campaigns. During Legendary November in 2022, our average daily GMV (without adjusted for inflation) was roughly 2.6 times that of our average daily GMV (without adjusted for inflation) for the remaining 11 months in 2022. The number of orders (excluding those for digital products which mainly include sweepstakes and gamified lotteries as well as the first monthly payment of Hepsiburada Premium membership subscription) during Legendary November was double the monthly average of the other 11 months of 2022.     

In 2022, GMV increased by 3.8% to TRY 53.9 billion compared to TRY 52.0 billion in 2021. IAS 29-Unadjusted GMV increased by 80.8% to TRY 47.3 billion in 2022 compared to 2021. We categorize our GMV as follows (percentages in parentheses denote the contribution of that domain to 2022 GMV): Mobile (21%), Appliances (19%), Technology (18%), Books and Hobbies (10%), Supermarket (11%), Home and Garden (11%), Fashion and Lifestyle (9%) and Other including Hepsiburada Market, HepsiGlobal and Hepsiburada Seyahat (2%).

For Hepsiburada, GMV growth is a function of the growth in number of orders and average order value. We achieved continued order growth of 94.8% in Q4 2022 compared to Q4 2021, which contributed to 50.4% growth in 2022 compared to 2021. Order growth resulted from a solid Active Customer base and the continued rise in order frequency. Our Active Customer base increased by 8.1% to 12.2 million as of December 31, 2022 compared to 11.3 million as of December 31, 2021, while order frequency grew by 39.1% to 6.6 as of December 31, 2022 compared to 4.7 as of December 31, 2021. Continued customer growth was attributable to our attractive value proposition and wider selection. Meanwhile, strong customer demand for our digital products contributed to the 39.1% quarterly rise in order frequency. While these digital products generate repeat interaction with the participating customer segments, they have a dilutive impact on average order value. Excluding the orders of digital goods, order frequency would have been 5.5 as of December 31, 2022 compared to 4.7 as of December 31, 2021, corresponding to 16.0% growth. Accordingly, order growth excluding those of digital goods was 34.8% in Q4 2022 and 25.4% in full year 2022 compared to the corresponding periods of the prior year.   

The annual inflation rate was announced as 64.3% as at the end of 2022 and 72% on average for 2022 by TurkStat (2021 average: 20%). As we have previously disclosed, the change in average order value in our business and the inflation rate are not fully correlated. Generally, the pass-through effect of inflation has been more evident in categories such as grocery, food and fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) throughout the year, which form a limited portion of our GMV. Other factors such as inventory carryover and competitive market dynamics might also affect selling prices in certain categories. Moreover, pressure on consumer spending has caused a tendency for product substitution with more affordable alternatives (i.e., towards lower-priced brands, regardless of whether for sales of essentials or non-essentials), and partial postponement of purchase decisions for certain categories. These dynamics generally continued during the fourth quarter, but were partially eased during our Legendary November and holiday shopping periods.

*Marketplace*

Our Active Merchant base increased by 32.9% to 99.7 thousand as of December 31, 2022 compared to 75.0 thousand as of December 31, 2021, driven mainly by our comprehensive merchant value proposition and enhanced merchant experience. In parallel, our selection expanded with the number of SKUs increasing by 81.1% to 163.6 million as of December 31, 2022 compared to 90.3 million as of December 31, 2021. As of December 31, 2022, the number of active SKUs on our platform through cross-border operations reached 4.3 million with over 3.5 thousand participating merchants.

In Q4 2022, the Marketplace (3P) - Direct Sales (1P) GMV split was 68%:32% compared to 65%:35% in Q4 2021. In 2022 overall, the split was 67%:33% compared to 68%:32% in 2021.

By providing our merchants a comprehensive set of advanced tools and services, we continued to make it easy for them to maximize their success on our platform. Our merchants effectively self-manage their listings with our merchant app, Hepsiburada’s “My Business Partner”, which includes self-service monitoring and campaign management tools, tutorials and an array of services with attractive rates. The average onboarding time for a merchant declined to 6 days in Q4 2022 compared to 9.8 days in Q4 2021.

*Customer Experience*

Based on the results of market research conducted by FutureBright (a local research company) for Hepsiburada, we held the highest Net Promoter Score (“NPS”) in the Turkish e-commerce market of 74 during 2022. Instrumental in earning customer appreciation and trust were our fast delivery service, wide range of affordability solutions and the depth and breadth of our selection.

Hepsiburada Premium, our monthly paid subscription service, was launched in July 2022, replacing our earlier loyalty program. As of December 31, 2022, Hepsiburada Premium members exceeded 615 thousand. As of March 15, 2023, Hepsiburada Premium members reached over 840 thousand. These members enjoy access to a wide range of benefits that include free delivery and cashback subject to certain conditions, and free access to an on-demand streaming service, among others. We value this program for its higher engagement and order frequency generated among its members.

*Logistics Network*

Our own logistics service through HepsiJet is a key component of our value proposition for our customers and merchants. HepsiJet has increased its coverage within our merchant base, delivering around 64% of total Marketplace parcels in Q4 2022. In 2022, HepsiJet delivered around 60% of total Marketplace parcels compared to 43% in 2021. HepsiJet delivered 65% of Hepsiburada parcels overall in 2022 compared to 50% in 2021. Furthermore, in 2022, around 56% of total returns were picked-up at customers’ addresses by HepsiJet. HepsiJet has 87.9 NPS (according to our internal reporting based on surveys conducted) in 2022, underpinning its high quality service.

Instrumental to a superior customer experience, HepsiJet is focused on increasing its delivery speed. Underpinning this are its operations in 81 cities with seven strategically located fulfillment centers, 192 cross-docks and 18 transfer hubs in an area of over 205 thousand square meters across Türkiye, with 2,453 carriers and 3,333 drop off points as of December 31, 2022. In terms of next day delivery performance, HepsiJet delivered 83% of 1P orders on the next day during 2022 compared to 79% in 2021.

With new convenience options introduced in 2022, HepsiJet offers its customers the ability to live-track their parcels prior to delivery, postpone delivery and change delivery address while shipment is en route. Also in 2022, we registered a new patent for HepsiJet’s multi-vehicle route optimization technology, unlocking further operational efficiencies.

Regarding the delivery of oversized products, having achieved full 81 city coverage in Q1 2022, HepsiJet XL increased its penetration in our Marketplace and delivered around 40% of such parcels in Q4 2022. Overall, in our 1P and 3P operations, HepsiJet XL delivered nearly 47% of such parcels in 2022.

Running its operations at our seven fulfillment centers throughout the year, HepsiLojistik, our fulfillment services provider, has increased its volume from merchants on our platform. With the addition of 560 companies during the year, the total number of HepsiLojistik customers reached 751. We believe that having our own fulfillment services contributes to a better customer experience while providing benefits for our merchants.

*Financial Services*

We offer our customers the opportunity to shop with several payment solutions and services such as one-click check-out, instant returns to wallet, payment with multi-credit cards, payment in installments, instant shopping loans, buy-now-pay-later (“BNPL”) and charge to billing with a telco partner.

Hepsiburada’s wallet and payment gateway solution, Hepsipay, registered approximately 11 million Hepsipay wallet customers (representing users who have opened their wallet account by giving the required consent to Hepsipay) as of December 31, 2022. In Q4 2022, customers with a Hepsipay wallet generated 84% of GMV compared to 66% in Q4 2021, reflecting strong performance in migrating Hepsiburada clients to Hepsipay. The share of GMV through those who used their e-money accounts for their transactions (i.e., their Hepsipay wallet) was nearly flat at 36% in Q4 2022 compared to 37% in Q4 2021, as diverse forms of payments and affordability solutions picked up an increasing share.

In 2022, the Hepsipay wallet was redesigned and relaunched with new features, enriching the shopping experience with improved customer verification and e-wallet capabilities. In addition to the existing ability to transfer money from credit or debit cards, Hepsipay users are able to top up their e-wallets by making money transfers from their bank accounts. Additionally, during the year, Hepsipay has progressed towards becoming a payment gateway by consolidating payment options within the Hepsiburada platform.

In a first for Turkish e-commerce, Hepsipay launched a BNPL solution in January 2022 which had been used by over 150 thousand customers as of December 31, 2022. Using the BNPL feature, customers can make their payment in up to 12 installments (which bears a service fee charge at different rates per installment number). They can also combine their BNPL limit with other forms of payment to increase the affordability of goods. In Q4 2022 alone, some 189 thousand orders were processed through our non-card affordability solutions, corresponding to a 3.9% share of total GMV for the quarter compared to 0.6% in Q4 2021. We seek to diligently manage credit risk, while maintaining our focus on growth optimization.

In 2023, we plan to enhance our affordability solutions by including in-house consumer finance loans through our subsidiary HepsiFinans (formerly Doruk Finansman), in addition to those offered by leading banks already available through our platform. Concerning our plans to externalize our services, we aim to launch one-click check-out integrations with merchants targeting online retail, as well as QR payment and prepaid cards also targeting physical retail points in Türkiye. In the meantime, we aim to capture a share of the acquiring market with enhanced PSP (payment services provider) infrastructure. By delivering on our plans, we aim to become a leading Fintech player in the Turkish financial services sector.

*ESG Actions *

As a signatory to the United Nations Global Compact (UNGC) and the United Nations Women’s Empowerment Principles, Hepsiburada publicly pledges its commitment to these principles. During Q4 2022, Hepsiburada was part of the UNGC’s Target Gender Equality program, a gender equality accelerator program for participating companies of the UNGC. Hepsiburada had the opportunity to deepen implementation of the Women’s Empowerment Principles through participation in the Program. Hepsiburada also reconfirmed its support for women’s equal representation, participation and leadership in business, and equal pay for work of equal value.

On the occasion of International Day of the Girl Child on October 11, 2022, we organized self-confidence, artificial intelligence and coding workshops, as well as language development lessons for primary school children. This initiative contributed to the education of 515 primary school students. During Breast Cancer Awareness Month, we worked in collaboration with the Turkish Breast Health Society and sent a letter to some 275 thousand customers to raise awareness of early detection.

We continue to design Hepsiburada's long term sustainability strategy and roadmap. In Q4 2022, our efforts to set and integrate such goals within our business processes have continued. Accordingly, we expect to more closely monitor and report on key performance indicators going forward. In the first half of 2023, we intend to publish our first sustainability report, which we believe will mark a first for Türkiye’s e-commerce sector.

Our Technology Empowerment for Women Entrepreneurs (TEWE) program, launched in 2017 to support the development of women’s role in the Turkish digital economy, reached an additional 3,500 women in Q4 2022. To date, the program has supported around 41.5 thousand women entrepreneurs. Furthermore, the number of women’s cooperatives on our platform has increased to 254 as of December 31, 2022 from 184 as of December 31, 2021. The TEWE continued to support participant women entrepreneurs with a range of incentives including (i) free online training, (ii) free studio shoots for marketing materials, and (iii) discounted rates for digital advertisement and banner placement on our platform.

In October 2022, with the contribution of the US Embassy Grant Program, and in collaboration with Innovation for Development (I4D), an Istanbul-based NGO, we launched the “Strong Women of the Digital Age” project. The Project aims to digitalize women entrepreneurs and women's cooperatives, which also have refugee partnerships, to meet with consumers through the Hepsiburada platform. Within the scope of the project, 20 women's cooperatives and 250 women entrepreneurs received 30 hours of training and 250 hours of mentoring support in 2022, in addition to the standard Hepsiburada support for women entrepreneurs and a supplementary support package tailored for this project.

*Hepsiburada Financial Review *

*Restatement of financial information:* Pursuant to IAS 29, the financial statements of an entity whose functional currency is that of a hyperinflationary economy is reported in terms of the measuring unit current as of the reporting date of the financial statements. All amounts included in the balance sheet which are not stated in terms of the measuring unit current as of the date of the financial statements are restated applying the general price index. In summary: 
(i) Non-monetary items are restated from the date of acquisition to the end of the reporting period. (ii) Monetary items that are already expressed in terms of the monetary unit current at the end of the reporting period are not restated. (iii) Comparative periods are stated in terms of measuring unit current at the end of the reporting period. (iv) All items in the statement of comprehensive loss are stated in terms of the measuring unit current as of the date of the financial statements, applying the relevant (monthly) conversion factors. (v) The gain or loss on the net monetary position is included in the statement of comprehensive loss and separately disclosed.

*Note: *All financial figures in the tables provided are expressed in terms of the purchasing power of the Turkish Lira at December 31, 2022 (in accordance with IAS 29) unless otherwise indicated.*(in TRY million *
*unless otherwise indicated)*
*Three months ended Dec 31,* *Twelve months ended Dec 31,*
*unaudited* * * *unaudited* * *
*2022* *2021* *y/y %* *2022* *2021* *y/y %*
*GMV (TRY in billions)* 19.4 17.0 13.9% 53.9 52.0 3.8%
*Marketplace GMV (TRY in billions)* 13.2 11.1 18.8% 36.0 35.4 1.8%
*Share of Marketplace GMV (%)* 68.1% 65.3% 2.8pp 66.7% 68.0% (1.3pp)
*Revenue* 5,535.2 5,044.7 9.7% 16,069.4 15,046.2 6.8%
*Gross contribution* 1,521.4 918.5 65.6% 3,492.1 3,249.7 7.5%
*Gross contribution margin (%)* 7.8% 5.4% 2.5 pp 6.5% 6.2% 0.2 pp
*Net loss for the period* (546.1) 588.8 n.m. (2,899.8) (2,021.0) 43.5%
*EBITDA* (245.9) (1,650.1) (85.1%) (2,584.1) (3,726.1) (30.6%)
*EBITDA as a percentage of GMV (%)* (1.3%) (9.7%) 8.4 pp (4.8%) (7.2%) 2.4 pp
*Net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities* 1,293.0 (80.4) n.m 428.7 (28.8) n.m
*Free Cash Flow* 1,059.3 (191.4) n.m (416.2) (417.5) n.m

*Note: *Unless otherwise indicated, all discussions and analysis provided in this section are based on inflation-adjusted IFRS figures and non-IFRS measures.

*Revenue *

*(in TRY million, unaudited)*

*Three months ended *
*Dec 31,* *Twelve months ended *
*Dec 31,*
*2022* *2021* *y/y %* *2022* *2021* *y/y %*
*Sale of goods^1 (1P)* 4,317.1 4,176.9 3.4% 12,584.3 12,192.8 3.2%
*Marketplace revenue^2 (3P)* 572.0 398.6 43.5% 1,702.3 1,208.9 40.8%
*Delivery service revenue* 522.1 400.6 30.3% 1,487.1 1,485.1 0.1%
*Other* 124.0 68.6 80.8% 295.7 159.4 85.4%
*Revenue* *5,535.2* *5,044.7* *9.7%* *16,069.4* *15,046.2* *6.8%*

^1: In 1P direct sales model, we act as a principal and initially recognize revenue from the sales of goods on a gross basis at the time of delivery of the goods to our customers.
^2: In the 3P marketplace model, revenues are recorded on a net basis, mainly consisting of marketplace commission, transaction fees and other contractual charges to the merchants.

*Fourth quarter 2022*

Our revenue increased by 9.7% to TRY 5,535.2 million in Q4 2022 compared to TRY 5,044.7 million in Q4 2021. This was due mainly to a 43.5% increase in Marketplace revenue (3P), comprising 10.3% of total revenue, and a 30.3% increase in our delivery service revenue, comprising 9.4% of total revenue. Our 1P revenue (direct sales), comprising 78.0% of total revenue, increased by 3.4% compared to Q4 2021. Meanwhile, other revenue which mainly consists of HepsiAd (our advertising platform) and HepsiLojistik (our fulfillment services provider) revenue streams grew by 80.8% compared to Q4 2021.

While GMV increased by 13.9% in Q4 2022 compared to Q4 2021, the 9.7% revenue growth during this period was due mainly to a shift in GMV mix toward 3P of 2.7 percentage points (pp) in Q4 2022 compared to Q4 2021, which was partially offset by lower customer discounts starting from Q4 2021 onwards.

The 30.3% increase in delivery service revenue compared to Q4 2021 was mainly due to i) rises in unit delivery service charges, ii) an increase in delivery service revenue from off-platform customers of HepsiJet, iii) an increase in the number of parcels delivered during Q4 2022 compared to Q4 2021 and iv) a 2.7pp shift in the GMV mix towards 3P where we generate higher delivery service revenue compared to our 1P operations.

*Full year 2022*

Our revenue increased by 6.8% to TRY 16,069.4 million in 2022 compared to TRY 15,046.2 million in 2021. This was mainly due to a 40.8% increase in Marketplace revenue (3P), comprising 10.6% of total revenue. Our 1P revenue (direct sales), comprising 78.3% of total revenue increased by 3.2% compared to 2021. Meanwhile, other revenue which mainly consists of HepsiAd and HepsiLojistik revenue streams grew by 85.4% compared to 2021.

While GMV increased by 3.8% in 2022 compared to 2021, the 6.8% revenue growth during this period was mainly due to our strategic decision to focus on improving profitability. Accordingly, we have been cutting back on customer discounts (which are deducted from the 1P and 3P revenues) starting from Q4 2021 onwards. Faster revenue growth compared to GMV growth was also due to a 1.1pp shift in the GMV mix towards 1P compared to 2021.

Nearly flat delivery service revenue compared to 2021 was due to several factors which offset the 2022 rises in unit delivery service charges. Such factors included the following: i) the rise in inflation rate in the first half of 2022 was faster compared to the increase in our unit delivery service charges at the start of the year (i.e., in January), and ii) the number of parcels delivered remained flat in 2022 compared to 2021.

*Gross Contribution*

*(in TRY million unless indicated otherwise, unaudited)*

*Three months ended *
*Dec 31,* *Twelve months ended *
*Dec 31,*
*2022* *2021* *y/y %* *2022* *2021
* *y/y %*
*Revenue* 5,535.2 5,044.7 9.7% 16,069.4 15,046.2 6.8%
*Cost of inventory sold* (4,013.8) (4,126.2) (2.7%) (12,577.3) (11,796.5) 6.6%
*Gross Contribution* *1,521.4* *918.5* *65.6%* *3,492.1* *3,249.7* *7.5%*
*Gross contribution margin (% of GMV)* 7.8% 5.4% 2.5pp 6.5% 6.2% 0.2pp

Gross contribution margin improved by 2.5pp to 7.8% in Q4 2022 compared to 5.4% in Q4 2021. This was mainly attributable to i) a 0.6pp increase in 3P margin and a 1.3pp increase in 1P margin as a result of cutbacks on customer discounts, ii) a lower quarterly inflation impact on cost of inventory sold and iii) better inventory management resulting in lower inventory turnover days. A 2.7pp shift in GMV mix towards non-electronics and a 0.3pp increase in delivery service revenue also contributed to the gross contribution margin increase.

Gross contribution margin improved by 0.2pp to 6.5% in 2022 compared to 6.2% in 2021. While the 3P margin increased by 0.8pp, the 1P margin decreased by 0.7pp during this period due to a greater inflation impact on cost of inventory sold during 2022. Although we cut back on customer discounts and had lower inventory turnover days in 2022 compared to 2021, the increase in inflation in 2022 had a negative impact on cost of inventory sold.

The table below shows the monthly inflation rates in 2021 and 2022.

*Consumer inflation *
*Monthly (2003=100)* *Jan* *Feb* *Mar* *Apr* *May* *Jun* *Jul* *Aug* *Sep* *Oct* *Nov* *Dec*
*2022* 11% 5% 5% 7% 3% 5% 2% 1% 3% 4% 3% 1%
*2021* 2% 1% 1% 2% 1% 2% 2% 1% 1% 2% 4% 14%

Source: Data as announced by TurkStat

*Operating Expenses: *

The table below shows our operating expenses for the three months and twelve months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 in absolute terms and as a percentage of GMV:

*(in TRY million unless indicated otherwise, unaudited)*

*Three months ended *
*Dec 31,* *Twelve months ended *
*Dec 31,*
*2022* *2021* *y/y%* *2022* *2021* *y/y%*
*Cost of inventory sold* (4,013.8) (4,126.2) (2.7%) (12,577.3) (11,796.5) 6.6%
% of GMV (20.7%) (24.2%) 3.5pp (23.3%) (22.7%) (0.6pp)
*Shipping and packaging expenses* (495.9) (577.8) (14.2%) (1,595.7) (1,899.4) (16.0%)
% of GMV (2.6%) (3.4%) 0.8pp (3.0%) (3.7%) 0.7pp
*Payroll and outsource staff expenses* (590.5) (477.3) 23.7% (1,807.8) (1,587.6) 13.9%
% of GMV (3.0%) (2.8%) (0.2pp) (3.4%) (3.1%) (0.3pp)
*Advertising expenses* (513.2) (1,227.3) (58.2%) (1,765.3) (2,950.8) (40.2%)
% of GMV (2.6%) (7.2%) 4.5 pp (3.3%) (5.7%) 2.4 pp
*Technology expenses* (49.0) (38.5) 27.3% (183.4) (124.0) 47.9%
% of GMV (0.3%) (0.2%) (0.0pp) (0.3%) (0.2%) (0.1pp)
*Depreciation and amortization* (178.6) (118.5) 50.7% (512.8) (386.6) 32.6%
% of GMV (0.9%) (0.7%) (0.3pp) (1.0%) (0.7%) (0.2pp)
*Other operating expenses, net* (118.6) (247.7) (52.1%) (724.0) (414.2) 74.8%
% of GMV (0.6%) (1.5%) 0.9pp (1.3%) (0.8%) (0.5pp)
*Net operating expenses* *(5,959.6)* *(6,813.3)* *(12.5%)* *(19,166.3)* *(19,159.1)* *0.1%*
*Net operating expenses as a % of GMV* (30.7%) (40.0%) 9.2pp (35.5%) (36.9%) 1.3pp

*Fourth quarter 2022*

Net operating expenses decreased by 12.5% to TRY 5,959.6 million in Q4 2022 compared to TRY 6,813.3 million in Q4 2021. As a percentage of GMV, our net operating expenses declined 9.2 percentage points (pp) mainly due to a 4.5pp decrease in advertising expenses, 3.5pp decrease in cost of inventory sold, 0.8pp decrease in shipping and packaging expenses and 0.9pp decrease in other operating expenses, net, as a percentage of GMV partially offset by a 0.2pp rise in payroll and outsource staff expenses as a percentage of GMV and 0.3pp rise in depreciation and amortization.

The 4.5pp decline in advertising expenses as a percentage of GMV resulted from our continued marketing efficiency efforts. Our segment-based acquisition strategy, marketing channel optimization through further investing into cost effective channels such as social commerce, as well as category specific optimizations supported efficiency in overall marketing spend.

The 0.8pp decline in shipping and packaging expenses as a percentage of GMV, corresponding to a 14.2% decline in absolute terms, was mainly due to the reduced shipping expenses of our Hepsiburada Market business which changed its operating model in favor of minimal operational involvement. This improvement was partially offset by the rise in unit shipping charges in line with inflation.

The 0.2pp rise in payroll and outsource staff expenses as a percentage of GMV was due to the annual and mid-year salary increases, whereas the number of employees remained almost flat. The share-based payment expenses in Q4 2022 (covering a provision for the equity settled portion of compensation which includes a vesting condition based plan and a performance target-based plan) was TRY 44.1 million compared to TRY 43.5 million in Q4 2021 (covering a provision for the cash- and equity-settled portions of compensation, which includes the vesting condition-based plan).

The 0.9pp decline in other operating expenses, net as a percentage of GMV was mainly due to a TRY 209.5 million provision expense in Q4 2021 for the Competition Authority investigation.

*Full year 2022*

Net operating expenses increased slightly by 0.1% to TRY 19,166.3 million in 2022 compared to TRY 19,159.1 million in 2021. As a percentage of GMV, our net operating expenses declined 1.3pp mainly due to a 2.4pp decrease in advertising expenses and 0.7pp decrease in shipping and packaging expenses as a percentage of GMV. This was partially offset by a 0.6pp rise in cost of inventory sold, 0.3pp rise in payroll and outsource staff expenses, 0.5pp rise in other operating expenses, net, and a 0.2pp rise in depreciation and amortization as a percentage of GMV.

The 2.4pp decline in advertising expenses as a percentage of GMV was as a result of continued marketing efficiency efforts. Our segment-based acquisition strategy, marketing channel optimization through further investing into cost effective channels, as well as category specific optimizations supported efficiency in overall marketing spend.

The 0.7pp decline in shipping and packaging expenses as a percentage of GMV, corresponding to a 16.0% decline in absolute terms, was mainly due to a lower shipping expenses of our Hepsiburada Market business which changed its operating model in favor of minimal operational involvement. This improvement was partially offset by the rise in unit shipping charges by the cargo companies in line with inflation.

The 0.3pp rise in payroll and outsource staff expenses as a percentage of GMV was due to an increase in the number of employees in 2022 compared to 2021, along with the impact of the annual and mid-year salary rises. Share-based payment expenses in 2022 (covering a provision for the equity-settled portion of compensation, that includes a vesting condition-based plan and a performance target-based plan) was TRY 159.6 million compared to TRY 431.6 million in 2021 (covering a provision for the cash- and equity-settled portions of compensation, that includes the vesting condition based plan).

The 0.5pp rise in other operating expenses, net as a percentage of GMV was mainly due to a higher legal provision expense in 2022. The provision expense relating to the settlement of previously disclosed class action lawsuits amounted to TRY 280.7 million in 2022 (Turkish Lira equivalent of $13.9 million) compared to a TRY 209.5 million provision expense for the Competition Authority investigation in 2021.

*Financial Income*

*(in TRY million, unaudited)*

*Three months ended *
*Dec 31,* *Twelve months ended *
*Dec 31,*
*2022* *2021* *y/y %* *2022* *2021* *y/y %*
*Foreign currency exchange gains* 35.5 3,563.2 (99.0%) 1,512.9 3,839.9 (60.6%)
*Interest income on time deposits* 65.1 30.6 112.7% 145.1 83.6 73.6%
*Interest income on credit sales* 24.7 - n.m. 56.1 - n.m.
*Interest income on financial instruments* 47.3 14.9 217.4% 125.6 67.2 86.9%
*Net fair value gains on financial assets at fair value* 24.2 - n.m. 51.2 - n.m.
*Other* 9.2 33.1 (72.2%) 22.8 33.5 (31.9%)
*Financial income* *206.0* *3,641.8* *(94.3%)* *1,913.7* *4,024.2* *(52.4%)*

Our financial income decreased by 94.3%, or TRY 3,435.8 million, to TRY 206.0 million in Q4 2022 compared to TRY 3,641.8 million in Q4 2021. This was mainly driven by a TRY 3,527.7 million decrease in foreign currency exchange gains from our U.S. dollar denominated bank deposits and financial investments due to more stable U.S. dollar / TRY rates during Q4 2022 compared to Q4 2021.

Our financial income decreased by 52.4%, or TRY 2,110.5 million, to TRY 1,913.7 million in 2022 compared to TRY 4,024.2 million in 2021. This was mainly driven by a TRY 2,327.0 million decrease in foreign currency exchange gains from our U.S. dollar denominated bank deposits and financial investments. The appreciation of U.S. dollar / TRY rates accelerated during 2022 resulting in 44.1% appreciation as of December 31, 2022 when compared to December 31, 2021 (vs. 76.8% appreciation as of December 31, 2021 compared to December 31, 2020). The decrease in foreign exchange gains is also due to decline in U.S. dollar denominated banks deposits and financial investments balance.

*Financial Expenses*

*(in TRY million, unaudited)*

*Three months ended *
*Dec 31,* *Twelve months ended *
*Dec 31,*
*2022* *2021* *y/y %* *2022* *2021* * y/y%*
*Commission expenses due to early collection of credit card receivables* (274.3) (313.2) (12.4%) (801.6) (916.1) (12.5%)
*Foreign currency exchange losses* (39.8) (493.4) (91.9%) (470.2) (649.7) (27.6%)
*Interest expenses on bank borrowings and lease liabilities* (56.2) (34.4) 63.4% (137.8) (182.3) (24.4%)
*Interest expenses on purchases* (78.6) (74.3) 5.8% (202.4) (169.2) 19.6%
*Net fair value losses on financial assets* (19.7) (70.8) n.m. (96.7) (70.8) 36.6%
*Other* (0.4) (0.2) 100.0% (1.4) (0.8) 75.0%
*Financial expenses* *(469.0)* *(986.3)* *(52.4%)* *(1,710.1)* *(1,988.9)* *(14.0%)*

Our financial expenses decreased by 52.4%, or TRY 517.3 million, to TRY 469.0 million in Q4 2022 compared to TRY 986.3 million in Q4 2021, primarily attributable to a TRY 38.9 million decrease in commission expenses due to early collection of credit card receivables as a result of changes in our free-of-charge credit card installment offers. Meanwhile, we recorded a TRY 453.6 million decrease in foreign currency exchange losses from our U.S. dollar denominated trade payables as a result of U.S. dollar rates being more stable during Q4 2022 compared to Q4 2021.

Our financial expenses decreased by 14.0%, or TRY 278.8 million, to TRY 1,710.1 million in 2022 compared to TRY 1,988.9 million in 2021, primarily attributable to a TRY 114.5 million decrease in commission expenses due to early collection of credit card receivables as a result of changes to our free-of-charge credit card installment offers. Meanwhile, we recorded a TRY 179.5 million decrease in foreign currency exchange losses from our U.S. dollar denominated trade payables due to 44.1% appreciation of the U.S. dollar against the Turkish Lira as of December 31, 2022 when compared to December 31, 2021 (vs. 76.8% appreciation as of December 31, 2021 compared to December 31, 2020).

*Net Loss for the Period*

Net loss was TRY 546.1 million in Q4 2022 compared to a net income of TRY 588.8 million in Q4 2021. The TRY 1,134.9 million change resulted from the above-mentioned factors, partially offset by a change in monetary gain/loss position of TRY 439.3 million, a TRY 141 million monetary gain in Q4 2022 compared to a TRY 298 million monetary loss in Q4 2021.

Net loss increased by 43.5% to TRY 2,899.8 million in 2022 compared to a net loss of TRY 2,021.0 million in 2021. The TRY 878.8 million increase in net loss was mainly due to the above-mentioned factors.

*EBITDA*

EBITDA was a negative TRY 245.9 million in Q4 2022 compared to negative TRY 1,650.1 million in Q4 2021, corresponding to negative 1.3% EBITDA as a percentage of GMV in Q4 2022. This corresponded to an 8.4pp improvement in EBITDA as a percentage of GMV in Q4 2022 compared to Q4 2021. This improvement was driven by a 2.5pp rise in gross contribution margin, a 4.6pp decline in advertising expenses, a 0.8pp decline in shipping and packaging expenses and a 0.8pp decline in other operating expenses, net as a percentage of GMV partially offset by a 0.2pp rise in payroll and outsource staff expenses as a percentage of GMV.

EBITDA was a negative TRY 2,584.1 million in 2022 compared to negative TRY 3,726.1 million in 2021, corresponding to negative 4.8% EBITDA as a percentage of GMV in 2022. This corresponded to a 2.4pp improvement in EBITDA as a percentage of GMV in 2022 compared to 2021. This improvement was driven by a 0.2pp rise in gross contribution margin, a 2.4pp decline in advertising expenses and a 0.7pp decline in shipping and packaging expenses as a percentage of GMV, and was partially offset by a 0.3pp rise in payroll and outsource staff expenses and a 0.6pp rise in other operating expenses, net as a percentage of GMV.

*Capital Expenditures*

Capex was TRY 233.6 million in Q4 2022 compared to TRY 112.0 million in Q4 2021. In Q4 2022, around 73% of total capex consisted of the costs of employees who are employed for the development of the website and mobile platforms for both core and strategic assets, and whose costs are capitalized, compared to around 71% in Q4 2021. Remaining capex mainly comprised the purchase of property and equipment and software and rights.

Capex was TRY 845.1 million in 2022 compared to TRY 391.5 million in 2021. In 2022, around 68% of total capex consisted of the costs of employees who are employed for the development of website and mobile platforms for both core and strategic assets, and whose costs are capitalized, compared to around 70% in 2021. The increase in capex was mainly due to the rise in the tech talent pool coupled with the increase in their annual salaries. Remaining capex mainly consisted of the purchase of property and equipment and software and rights.

*Net Working Capital*

Net working capital increased to negative TRY 4,465.8 million as of December 31, 2022 from negative TRY 4,064.7 million as of December 31, 2021. The TRY 400.9 million increase in negative net working capital was mainly driven by a TRY 295.1 million increase in trade receivables, a TRY 786.3 million decrease in trade payables and payables to merchants, a TRY 1,088.0 million decrease in inventories, a TRY 226.5 million increase in other current assets and a TRY 153.8 million increase in provisions. The increase in trade receivables was mainly due to a higher BNPL (Buy Now Pay Later) receivables balance. The decrease in trade payables and payables to merchants was mainly due to a decline in inventory procurement volumes. The increase in other current assets was mainly due to an increase in deferred VAT balance. The increase in provisions was mainly due to the provision relating to the settlement of previously disclosed class action lawsuits.

*Cash Flow from Operating Activities*

Our net cash provided by operating activities for Q4 2022 comprised a TRY 546.1 million net loss (Q4 2021: net income of TRY 588.8 million), a positive TRY 1,214.8 million change in net working capital (Q4 2021: negative TRY 525.8 million) and a TRY 624.3 million change in other (comprising non-cash items such as provisions and depreciation expenses as well as non-operating items such as financial income and expenses) (Q4 2021: negative TRY 143.3 million). Net cash provided by operating activities increased by TRY 1,373.4 million to positive TRY 1,293.0 million in Q4 2022 compared to negative TRY 80.4 million in Q4 2021.

The TRY 1,373.4 million increase in our net cash provided by operating activities was mainly a result of a TRY 1,592.7 million increase in change in inventories, supported by a TRY 430.9 million increase in other assets and receivables and a TRY 358.4 million decrease in change in contract liabilities and merchant advances. The increase was partially offset by a TRY 584.3 million decrease in change in trade receivables.

Our net cash provided by operating activities for 2022 comprised a TRY 2,899.8 million net loss (2021: net loss of TRY 2,021.0 million), a positive TRY 328.2 million change in net working capital (2021: TRY 708.5 million) and a TRY 3,000.3 million change in other (comprising non-cash items such as provisions and depreciation expenses, as well as non-operating items such as financial income and expenses) (2021: TRY 1,283.7 million). Net cash provided by operating activities rose by TRY 457.5 million to a positive TRY 428.7 million in 2022 as compared to 2021.

The TRY 428.7 million increase in our net cash provided by operating activities was mainly a result of a TRY 2,222.0 million increase in change in inventories, supported by a TRY 848.9 million increase in other assets and receivables and a TRY 255.1 million decrease in change in contract liabilities and merchant advances. The increase was partially offset by a TRY 2,934.2 million decrease in change in trade payables and payables to merchants, a TRY 271.5 million decrease in change in trade receivables and a TRY 274.2 million decrease in change in other liabilities.

*Free Cash Flow*

Our free cash flow was a positive TRY 1,059.3 million in Q4 2022 compared to negative TRY 191.4 million in Q4 2021. This increase was mainly driven by the rise in cash flow provided by operating activities, which is a combined result of better working capital management and a significant improvement in EBITDA.

Our free cash flow increased slightly to negative TRY 416.2 million in 2022 from negative TRY 417.5 million in 2021. The rise in capex in 2022 was offset by the increased cash provided by operating activities resulting in a nearly flat free cash flow performance.

*Total Cash and Financial Investments *

Total cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2022 decreased to TRY 5,266.0 million as of December 31, 2022 from TRY 6,264.4 million as of December 31, 2021. The decrease in total cash and cash equivalents is mainly due to a lower than inflation USD/TRY appreciation (USD/TRY appreciation was at around 44%, compared to inflation of around 64% compared to December 31, 2021).

Total financial investments as of December 31, 2022 amounted to TRY 17.6 million. Our financial investments consist of a financial asset measured at fair value through profit or loss, and includes Turkish Lira based mutual funds.

We held around 54% of our total cash, cash equivalents and financial investments in U.S. dollar as of December 31, 2022.

*Bank Borrowings*

Our short-term bank borrowings are utilized to facilitate supplier and merchant financing facilities as well as for our short-term liquidity if and when required in the ordinary course of our operations. As a result of the rise in our cash and cash equivalents following the IPO proceeds, our short-term borrowings decreased to TRY 13.0 million as of December 31, 2022, from TRY 317.3 million as of December 31, 2021. As of December 31, 2022, supplier and merchant financing loans corresponded to TRY 0.8 million of the short-term bank borrowings compared to TRY 151.4 million as of December 31, 2021.

All of our bank borrowings are denominated in Turkish Lira. As of December 31, 2022, the average annual effective interest rate for bank borrowings was 21.3% compared to 23.2% as of December 31, 2021.

*Conference Call Details *

The Company’s management will host an analyst and investor conference call and live webcast to discuss its unaudited financial results today, Wednesday, March 22, 2023 at 16.00 Istanbul time / 13.00 London / 9.00 a.m. New York time.

The *live webcast *can be accessed via https://87399.themediaframe.eu/links/hepsiburada230322.html

*Telephone Participation Dial in Details: *

• Türkiye: + 90 212 900 3719
• UK & International: + 44 (0) 203 059 5872
• USA: + 1 516 447 5632

Participants may choose any of the above numbers to participate should they wish to ask questions.

The *Company’s results presentation *will be available at the Hepsiburada Investor Relations website https://investors.hepsiburada.com on March 22, 2023.

*Replay *
Following the call, a replay will be available on the Hepsiburada Investor Relations website https://investors.hepsiburada.com

*D-MARKET Electronic Services & Trading *

*CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS *

(Amounts expressed in thousands of Turkish lira (TRY) in terms of the purchasing power of the TRY at 31 December 2022 unless otherwise indicated. Unaudited.)
*31 December 2022*
*(unaudited)* *31 December 2021*
*(unaudited*^*1**)*
*ASSETS*    
*Current assets:*    
Cash and cash equivalents 5,266,008 6,264,371
Restricted cash 107,427 65,704
Financial investments 17,557 1,902,328
Trade receivables 664,221 369,100
Due from related parties 1,718 3,588
Loan receivables 3,514 -
Inventories 1,788,247 2,876,246
Contract assets 15,348 12,076
Other current assets 514,110 329,377    
*Total current assets* *8,378,150* *11,822,790*    
*Non-current assets:*    
Property and equipment 337,990 223,945
Intangible assets 845,813 405,391
Right of use assets 438,542 432,313
Loan receivables 3,858 -
Other non-current assets 63,018 502,257    
*Total non-current assets* *1,689,221* *1,563,906*    
*Total assets* *10,067,371* *13,386,696**LIABILITIES AND EQUITY*    
*Current liabilities:*    
Bank borrowings 13,049 317,343
Lease liabilities 157,414 179,563
Wallet deposits 113,493 67,226
Trade payables and payables to merchants 5,886,538 6,672,876
Due to related parties 5,579 14,861
Provisions 371,280 217,529
Employee benefit obligations 164,733 116,186
Contract liabilities and merchant advances 638,556 360,146
Other current liabilities 380,029 271,961    
*Total current liabilities* *7,730,671* *8,217,691*    
*Non-current assets:*    
Bank borrowings 10,924 -
Lease liabilities 104,953 167,456
Employee benefit obligations 16,457 8,702
Other non-current liabilities 146,597 180,829    
*Total non-current liabilities* *278,931* *356,987*

*Equity:*    
Share capital 302,635 302,635
Other capital reserves 329,913 170,364
Share premiums 8,789,896 8,789,896
Accumulated deficit (7,364,675) (4,450,877)    
*Total equity * *2,057,769* *4,812,018*    
*Total equity and liabilities* *10,067,371* *13,386,696*

^1: Consolidated balance sheet as at December 31, 2021 has not yet been audited for the implementation of IAS 29. *D-MARKET Electronic Services & Trading *

*CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS*

(Amounts expressed in thousands of Turkish lira (TRY) in terms of the purchasing power of the TRY at 31 December 2022 unless otherwise indicated. Unaudited.)
*Twelve Months Ended* *Three Months Ended* *31 Dec 2022* *31 Dec 2021* *31 Dec 2022* *31 Dec 2021* *(unaudited)* *(unaudited)* *(unaudited)* *(unaudited)*        
*Revenues* 16,069,394 15,046,238 5,535,176 5,044,716        
*Operating expenses*        
Cost of inventory sold (12,577,307) (11,796,542) (4,013,848) (4,126,242)
Shipping and packaging expenses (1,595,728) (1,899,366) (495,901) (577,773)
Payroll and outsource staff expenses (1,807,797) (1,587,567) (590,512) (477,317)
Advertising expenses (1,765,278) (2,950,767) (513,178) (1,227,288)
Technology expenses (183,416) (123,951) (49,038) (38,537)
Depreciation and amortization (512,761) (386,600) (178,588) (118,486)
Other operating expenses (802,629) (573,365) (142,159) (313,622)
Other operating income 78,654 159,211 23,570 65,952        
*Operating loss* *(3,096,868)* *(4,112,709)* *(424,478)* *(1,768,597)*        
Financial income 1,913,635 4,024,276 206,201 3,641,883
Financial expenses (1,710,031) (1,988,906) (468,923) (986,304)
Monetary (losses)/gains (6,550) 56,328 141,096 (298,224)        
*(Loss)/income before income taxes* *(2,899,814)* *(2,021,011)* *(546,104)* *588,758 *        
Taxation on income - - - -        
*(Loss)/income for the period* *(2,899,814)* *(2,021,011)* *(546,104)* *588,758 *        
Basic and diluted (loss)/income per share (8.90) (6.20) (1.68) 1.81        
*Other comprehensive loss:*
*Items that will not be reclassified to*        
* profit or loss in subsequent period:*        
Actuarial losses arising on remeasurement of        
post-employment benefits (22,938) (10,956) (7,749) 2,364        
*Items that will be reclassified to*        
* profit or loss in subsequent period:*        
Changes in the fair value of debt instruments at fair value through other comprehensive income - - 2,855 -        
*Total comprehensive (loss)/income for the period* *(2,922,752)* *(2,031,967)* *(550,998)* *591,122 *

*D-MARKET Electronic Services & Trading *

*CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS*
(Amounts expressed in thousands of Turkish lira (TRY) in terms of the purchasing power of the TRY at 31 December 2022 unless otherwise indicated. Unaudited.)
*1 January – *
*31 December 2022* *1 January – *
*31 December 2021* *(unaudited)* *(unaudited)*
Loss before income taxes (2,899,814) (2,021,011)
*Adjustments to reconcile loss before *    
* income taxes to cash flows from operating activities:* *3,000,318 * *1,283,736 *
Interest and commission expenses 1,141,806 1,267,611
Depreciation and amortization 512,761 386,600
Interest income on time deposits (201,147) (83,627)
Interest income on credit sales (125,574) (67,212)
Provision for unused vacation liability 24,245 21,957
Provision for personnel bonus 137,938 73,559
Provision for legal cases 13,541 3,481
Provision for doubtful receivables 19,471 (6,657)
Provision for impairment of trade goods, net (10,570) 6,722
Provision for post-employment benefits 4,042 3,463
Provision for share based payment 159,549 170,364
Adjustment for impairment loss of financial investments 45,506 70,814
Provision competition board penalty (5,799) 209,484
Provision for settlement of legal proceedings 280,660 -
Net foreign exchange differences (1,424,287) (2,389,501)
Change in provisions due to inflation (172,428) (29,761)
Mon